“A people will not

Abu Bakrah reported: Allah benefitted me with a word I heard from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. During the days of the battle of the camel, I was about to join the companions of the camel and fight alongside them. When the Messenger of Allah was informed that the Persians had crowned the daughter of Khosrau as their ruler, he said, “A people will not succeed who are commanded by a woman.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 59, Number 709]

Ibn Hajar reported: Ibn At-Teen said, “The narration of Abu Bakrah is used as a proof by those who say it is not permissible for a woman to be appointed as guardian or judge, and this is the saying of the majority.” However, Ibn Jareer At-Tabari disagreed with them and he said it was permissible for women to be appointed as a judge in matters in which their testimony is acceptable, and some of the Maliki scholars gave them unrestricted permission.

[Fath ul-Bari]

عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ قَالَ لَقَدْ نَفَعَنِي اللَّهُ بِكَلِمَةٍ سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيَّامَ الْجَمَلِ بَعْدَ مَا كِدْتُ أَنْ أَلْحَقَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْجَمَلِ فَأُقَاتِلَ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ لَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ أَهْلَ فَارِسَ قَدْ مَلَّكُوا عَلَيْهِمْ بِنْتَ كِسْرَى قَالَ لَنْ يُفْلِحَ قَوْمٌ وَلَّوْا أَمْرَهُمْ امْرَأَةً

4163 صحيح البخاري كِتَاب الْمَغَازِي بعث بكتابه إلى كسرى مع عبد الله بن حذافة السهمي فأمره أن يدفعه إلى عظيم البحرين

قال ابن حجر قَالَ ابْنُ التِّينِ احْتَجَّ بِحَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ مَنْ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تُوَلَّى الْمَرْأَةُ الْقَضَاءَ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْجُمْهُورِ وَخَالَفَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ فَقَالَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَقْضِيَ فِيمَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهَا فِيهِ وَأَطْلَقَ بَعْضُ الْمَالِكِيَّةِ الْجَوَازَ

فتح الباري شرح صحيح البخاري كِتَاب الْفِتَنِ لن يفلح قوم ولوا أمرهم امرأة